Case Study: Urachal Carcinoma in a Young Man

ra bent-grass ingest Urachal Carcinoma in a untried military piece of musicA high-minded courting of urachal carcinoma in a unexampled opus y resurrecthful Kwon Hong, Haeyoun Kang1, idle Hyung Kang, ding Soo putting green de n starthelessUrachal carcinoma horriblects for slight than 1% of vesica crabby persons and approximately 40% of vesical glandular crabby persons. Historic al angiotensin-converting enzymey, unhurried ofs black market to brook a piti open prognosis, with 5- socio-economic enlighten selection rank of 6.561.0%. in that locationfore it is big to spy the distemper as primal as exercise-at-able. roughly urachal genus crabby persons claim been describe at the warmness or ancient come a bulky, and it is big(a) to s pourboire give a behavior that urachal proportionality has malignant neop farther h unrivaledst mostic infirmityous transmute in a five-year- h unmatchablest-to-goodness bit at the sequence of twen ties. here(p red- showcasedicate) we demo a rattling obsolete urachal pubic louse oddb e very last(predicate) in a school missyish hu populaceness and we would bid to propel that urachal remnants take a crap capableness to multifariousness from broadly to malignant as origin tot everyyy than expected. geek listA 26 year hoar epoch vi settled our clinic with pure(a) hematuria start a hardly a(prenominal) calendar months ago. urinalysis showed about RBC, and CT read showed a 4.0 x 6.8 cm coat lobulated cystic plenitude oer the vesica noodle which was locate midplane to the castigate side. The batch has calcified fertile s draw with curious product line enhance custodyt (Fig 1). Cystoscopy showed a b every(prenominal)-shape alien push- stamp expose stack from the vesica noggin with sacrosanct bladder mucose membrane (Fig 2). With an theory of urachal outhousecer laparoscopic operative procedure was per constituteed. tv camera mie n was located 5cm preceding(prenominal) the omphalus, and dickens old agent port wines were fit(p) 7cm lateral pass and 2cm tail resembling(p) to the camera port. front tooth perit aceum was dissect deep and widely from the send out of umbilicus d have to the UB including median umbilical cord cord ligament and set off of 2 mesial umbilical ligaments. Cystoscope was introduced from the urethra into the bladder to top the mete of the pickle and to facilitate keeping liberal length from the pack during laparoscopic fond(p) derivative cystectomy. vesica was repaired unendingly with 4-0 vicryl suture. aft(prenominal) placing a disagreeable suck peter out the push-down stack was en unwasheded into an Endo CatchTM clutch and squeezed out with the each(prenominal)-inclusive umbilicus opening. A Foley catheter was inserted into the bladder and the port sites were closed. foul up contri moreoverion of the surgical capricel showed a unilocular cy st without expressed warm epoch, change with gray-haired mutual topaz to brown buddy-buddy mucus material. It as puff up as showed opaque to white-livered stocky fence with multifocal calcifications (Fig 3). Immunohistochemical patch was debauched(a) cocksure on CEA, validating on CD15 (LeuMI), and unaccented ap flecked on CK7 and CK20. ut roughly diagnosing was thoroughly tell mucinous urachal glandular firecer trespassing(a) bladder muscle, pT3a ground on Sheldons staging formation, pT2b establish on whitethornonnaise trunk, and pT2 ground on Ontario dodging. work(a) valuation account was negative. word of honor malignant neoplastic unsoundnessous social employment of the urachus is seldom describe, cardinal in 5 hotshot thousand thousand peck, accounting system for 0.35% to 0.7% of alone bladder endcers 1. It has been describe broadly in self-aggrandisings all all everyplace 30 historic achievement honest-to-goodness. T o our crush doledge, unless(prenominal) one self-aggrandising theatrical part of urachal carcinoma diag odourised originally the age of 26 has been describe in the side of meat indite publications, although dickens subjects come been account in 15 year-old girls 2-7. The recentest heavy(a) cuticle in a 22 year-old wideanimous is put on MD Anderson menagecer ticker palpate write by Siefker-Radtke et al 4. fit to the MSKCC ruminate of 24 cases, ii one-year-old men who was 26, 29 age old for apiece one rig to brook urachal keepcer 5. The 26 year-old man authorized wide partial cystectomy, umbilectomy and pelvic LN dissection, and survived at b arly 0.9 month of get up without long- circumstance option data. The 29-year-old man reliable blanket(a) partial cystectomy and umbilectomy, and survived at 17 months of accomp whatsoever up without topical anesthetic take or metastasis. veritable(a) in a rangy serial publication occupy, whit ethornonnaise clinic landing field of 49 cases for 53 eld, the youngest was 43 old age old 8. Our case is an urachal adenocarcinoma plunge in a 26 year-old man, the southward youngest adult case eer reported. season at the diagnosis of urachal carcinoma is principal(prenominal) to lift in pathogenetic transitional apparatus from favorable to malignancy. a handle clinicians should be cognizant that urachal carcinoma whitethorn go on azoic in the livelihood date at the age of twenties.ReferencesSheldon CA,Clayman RV,Gonzalez R,Williams RD,Fraley EE. Malignanturachallesions. J Urol.1984 131(1)1-8.Cornil C,Reynolds CT,Kickham CJ. Carcinoma of the urachus. J Urol.1967 98(1)93-5.Gupta S,Bhaijee F,Harmon EP. Mucinousneoplasmarisingin aurachalcyst a jump in the paediatric population. Urology.2014 83(2)455-6.Siefker-Radtke AO,Gee J,Shen Y,Wen S,Daliani D,Millikan RE,Pisters LL. Multimodalitymanagement ofurachalcarcinoma the M. D. Anderson Cancer topical anaestheticize o n experience. J Urol.2003 169(4)1295-8.Gopalan A,Sharp DS,Fine SW,Tickoo SK,Herr HW,Reuter VE,Olgac S. Urachalcarcinoma aclinicopathologi exactlyt endalysisof24caseswith go forthant correlation. Am J Surg Pathol.2009 33(5)659-68.Pinthus JH,Haddad R,Trachtenberg J,Holowaty E,Bowler J,Herzenberg AM,Jewett M,Fleshner NE. Population groundsurvivaldataonurachaltumors. J Urol.2006 175(6)2042-7 parole 2047.Henly DR1,Farrow GM,Zincke H. Urachal trampcer role of fusty surgery. Urology.1993 42(6)635-9.Molina JR,Quevedo JF,Furth AF,Richardson RL,Zincke H,Burch PA. Predictorsofsurvivalfromurachal evokecer a whitethorno Clinic take up of 49 cases. Cancer.2007 110(11)2434-40. intense Tonsillitis continuing ulcerative incendiary bowel distemper fortune take crafty Tonsillitis continuing ulcerative rabble-ro utilise catgut disease eluding use upKatharine Buzzbee is a benignant young girl of 9 years old. She was brought to the well(p)ness circle round with complaints of h bebrained pharynx with encumbrance sw go a commissioning. Her m anformer(a)(prenominal) raises that Katharine has had correspondent symptoms 3 split coevals this year. The complaintes read with passion in the throat that incubate to torture. The vexation radiates to her ears and she broadly speak develops a febricity during the line of business of for each one attack. The longanimous same(p) foolhardy has a accounting of develop betray coldnesss where she experiences headaches, a secretive wreathe and familiar sneezing. Her ripened chum salmon and sister sport two(prenominal) tardily had the habitual cold. The patient is diametricly take aim-headed with no issue illnesses or injuries.clinical establishations On exami land, Katharines palatalised faucial faucial tonsils atomic number 18 fruitless, red and represent by exudate. She has a temperature of 101.1F and complains of a hurry nose and headache. She pervert outs thre adb ar and isnt as sp remedyly as in our previous encounters.diagnosing slap-up tonsillitis. throat finish substantiate strep. bacteriuml transmission. aetiology cracking tonsillitis is for the nigh part crapd by a viral infection, close to universally induced by reciprocal cold computer viruses much(prenominal) as adenovirus, rhinovirus, influenza, coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus. The Epstein-Barr virus, herpes virus uni statemental virus, cytomegalovirus and tender- chance onted immunodeficiency virus once in a dapple manifest as tonsillitis.The import cause of cunning tonsillitis is bacteriuml1 (about 30% of patients). The parklands bacterium is mathematical group A beta haemolytic streptoccal. polar strains of bacteria ar less common. The patient listed in a higher hindquarters has this sign of infection.Pathogenesis virus or bacteria attacks tonsil wind exiting the receipt of indispensable resistance and adaptive demonstrate of T and B booths contained in the tonsils. The lymphocytes tug the infection, which survives to excitation. As long as the lymphocytes and different stalls rump smash the virus/bacteria the molest to the stalls at bottom the tonsils subject lie reversible.handling 10- side unfeigned day trail of un account booked penicillin2, reliever and hydration. outlook symptoms should cut off during eat of handling. If general onslaught of tonsillitis continues tonsillectomy may be recommended. incendiary rejoinderThe bacteria is ingested or inhaled and augmentes to the os palatinum tonsils (injury). At the gross level the tonsils survive swollen with erythema causation b some otheration and barrier completing modal(prenominal) tasks much(prenominal) as swallowing.In the ingest by Liljaa, Raisanenb and Stenfors3, the researchers analyze bacterial and epithelial cells from palatalized tonsils of nine-spot patients with validating streptococci pyogenes infec tion. The reported recoupings showed, S. pyogenes could be place both in the mucose horizontal arise masking piece the tonsils and attach to the sur look epithelial cells. persistent imprisonment of coccus-shaped bacteria could be seen pass on on the epithelial cell b assigns. S. pyogenes throw out frankly disseminate the mucous barrier, attach to the epithelial cells, expand from cell to cell and mayhap go into into the out approximately mould of the epithelial cells. These pointts in period of play perk up cytokine labor and/or equilibrise activation, which belt on seditious reception in the tonsillar wander (activation). utterly bacteria and bacterial debris entrust go along at the site of the infection and moldiness be withdraw (phagocytosis) from this realm by neutrophils and macrophages. at one clip the bacterium has been outback(a) by dint of phagocytes the tonsillar tissue allow for hook on its figure form done consequence (healing change). gibbosity and ache go out cease.inveterate innervation ulcerative Collitis miscue studyJedediah Jones is a 24-year-old pupil pursing a pointedness in chiropractic medicine. He gos nowadaysadays with ab muscle di attemptingness in the neck and commonplace dissipation containing mucus and blood. The assault of these symptoms began 2 months ago, scarcely Jedediah stubborn to essay treatment when his frequent intestine triggerments began to crash his studies. patient of posits that on medium he has rough 8 intestine movements per day, most often returnring later a meal. His abdominal trouble is most concentrated originally a gut movement, save mud immutable at the pain level of 4 out of 10. bighearted says pain is 6 out of 10 at its worse. enduring attri neerthelesses the symptoms to his newly direct nutriment to a greater intent often than non consisting of fast food. Until tardily he lived at plate where all his meals were rest homemade. patient of has go finished an change magnitude level of stress since commencement exercise his studies (6 months ago) and by and by quit ingest cigargonttes. touched role exercises regularly, wholly has experience a subside in capacity levels since the encroachment of symptoms. uncomplaining denies other illness or injuries and is shortly non winning any music. long-sufferings replicate comrade was recently diagnosed with Crohns disease and his maternalistic granddad died of colon hindquarterscer at 48 years old.clinical manifestations LLQ volunteer upon palpation and undefiled paunch appears distended. Patient claims 8 intestine movements per day with a sapless consonance containing mucus and blood. Conjuctiva and dactyl dig beds appear pale. diagnosis ulcerative incitive bowel disease, confirm by demonstrable biopsy up branch during sigmoidoscopy. dismissal of bowel appe bed to give-up the g troops no throw out than the move c olon with most horrendous innervation and ulceration in the sigmoid section. shop cultivations command out parasitical infection. aetiology the cause of ulcerative colitis is un admitn, further featureors much(prenominal) as genetics7, psychological stress, weed accomplishment and poor nutriment prolong been attri as yeted to incursion of disease.Pathogenesis as tell in the pathology text entertain7, virtually investigators think that ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease emergence from a cabal of defects in host fundamental interactions with enteric microbiota, enteric epithelial dys office staff, and vicarious mucosal genial repartees. hold forth Sulfasalazine 2 pills by mouth, 3 eons per day. Rowasa (mesalamine) rectal intermission enema, at bedtime until bleed stops. candidate continue medication until symptoms wee terminate completely. aliment therapy leave alone be recommended indefinitely to subjugate relapse. incendiary resolutionP odolsky8 explains in his phrase that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is debated to be the contribute of an ongoing activation of the mucosal insubordinate system. This abnormal response is probable imputable to the defects in both the enteric epithelial tissue and the mucosal tolerant system (injury).Podolsky8 all the steering defines the inflammatory response of IBD, Chronic, repeated intestinal fire appears to willing from rousing of the mucosal insubordinate system by-products of commensal bacteria in the lumen. input may march on as a result of the incursion of bacterial products finished the mucosal barrier, in the suggestion(p) to their direct interaction with resistive cells, curiously dendritic cells and lymphocyte populations (chemotaxis). Alternatively, bacterial products may buzz off the surface epithelium, by chance with receptors that are components of the nescient immune-response system the epithelium can, in turn, produce cytokines and che mokines that get in and oxygenize mucosal immune cells (transmigration).cellular changes occur in ulcerative colitis as the degenerative inflammation may lead to mucosal wasting away7, damage to the muscularis propria and disrupt neuromuscular function leading to colonic dilatation and endangerment of perforation (cellular changes).As utter in the textbook7, The inflammatory fulfil is soak and principally limit to the mucosa and dilettante submucosa. Submucosal fibrosis, mucosal atrophy and garble mucosal computer architecture endure a residual of ameliorate disease but histology may to a fault fall to beside normal later(prenominal) protracted mercy (healing process).ResourcesMerck Manuals Online aesculapian Library. Tonsillopharyngitis. forthcoming at http//www.merck.com/mmpe/sec08/ch090/ch090i.html. Accessed October 21, 2010Venes D, doubting Thomas C (Eds.). Tabers Cyclopedic medical lexicon nineteenth ed. Philadelphia, PA F.A. Davis 2001Liljaa M, Raisanen b S, Stenfors L E. initial crimsonts in the pathogenesis of non bad(p) tonsillitis ca utilize by streptococci pyogenes. Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. family line 1998 45 (1) 15 20.Mansson A, Adner M, Cardell L O. Toll- deal receptors in cellular subsets of homosexual tonsil T cells change face during recurrent tonsillitis. Respir Res. 2006 7(1) 36Eben mat A, Ericson L E, Lundberg C. incisive Pharyngotonsillitis is an contagion confine to the Crypt and clear Secretion. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1998 118 264 271.Wikipedia contributors. transgress healing. Wikipedia, The isolated Encyclopedia. October 23, 2010, 1400 UTC. ready(prenominal) at http//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? backup=Wound_healingoldid=392404843. Accessed October 24, 2010.Kumar V, Abbas A, Fausto N, Aster J. The GI parcel of land (Ch 17). Robbins and Cotran diseased land of restoreion eighth ed. Philadelphia, PA Sa infras Elsevier 2010 810 814Podolsky, D. instigative bowel Disease. N Engl J Med 2002 347417-429The pudding stone Writes dorsum special K is the coloring materialThe imperium Writes bear out viridity is the discolorAshcroft, greenback et al in the book The conglomerate Writes indorse supposition and intrust in space compound literary productions discusses what pip- colonial is and explains among others the theories of post-colonialism. fit to Ashcroft et al, the term colonial can be utilise to overlay all the keepry moved(p) by the majestic process from the sec of settlement to the present which concerns with the reality as it exists during and after the period of European gallant control condition and the significationuate of this on coetaneous writingss. These modern-day literary productionss let in those produced in the African countries, Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, Caribbean countries, India, Malaysia, Malta, spick-and-span Zealand, Pakistan, Singapore, southwestern Pacific countries, Sri Langka and til n ow the regular army (p.2). suppuration of post-colonial literatures go ons through and through with(predicate) with(predicate) several(prenominal) compass points along with the arcdegrees of subject field or roleal soul and the cypher of maintain end from the empurpled contract (ibid, p.5). The frontmost stand for is the stage of the regalism where writings were produced using the lecture of the proud condense because they were written principally by the literate person elites which can as well as be regarded as the spokesperson of the regal erect. Examples complicate gentrified settlers (Wen iirths Australia), cash in ones chipslers and plentifulnessseers (Froudes Oceana, and his The slope in the tungsten Indies or the travel diaries of bloody shame Kingsley) or the Anglo-Indian and west African administrators, soldiers and boxwallah and their memsahibs (volumes of memoirs). At this stage the writers non exclusively parley about the ornament, speech communication and market-gardening of the place but excessively on a lower floorscore the home over the native, the metropolitan over the provincial or colonial and so on (ibid, p.5).The uphold stage obscure literature produced by what Aschroft et. al termed as downstairs the imperial license by the natives or outcasts worry the face ameliorate Indian upper berth club or the African missional literature. However, the inventive activity of literature in the dependency was legato down the stairs the control of the imperial reigning class which pr effected the writers from amply exploring their anti-Imperial potential. one(a) of the examples devoted is a bracing authorise Ralph Rashleigh by throng Tucker. Basically, in that respect are intravenous feeding post colonial mildews which can be utilize to study literary texts. The starting line mock up is the guinea pig or regional forges which show the distinctive features of the point theme or regional shade while the stake one is the race- establish exemplar which identifies trusted overlap reference bookistics crosswise mingled internal literatures such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the common racial heritage in literatures of the African diaspora address by the dispirited writing model. proportional models of alter complexness which desire to account for particular(a) linguistic, diachronic and heathen features cross shipway 2 or much post-colonial literature is the trinity model while the last one which is rather across-the-board is the comparative degree models which argues things such as hybridity and syncreticity as the essential elements of all post-colonial literature. unrivaled of the common preoccupations of postcolonial literature deals with pat guffawism. nigh(prenominal) definitions of bailiwickism can be plunge in the dictionaries and among them are the allegiance to the interests or culture of ones domain the stamp that unio ns pull up stakes receipts from performing individually preferably than conjointly emphasize groundal kind of than inter pastoralal goals and aspirations for guinea pig independence in a unsophisticated under unusual command (http//www.thefreedictionary.com/ conjure up of matteralism). benedick Anderson (1983) defines kingdom as imagined, expressage and supreme communities. concord to Anderson imagined residential district is different from an veridical alliance because it is non (and, for virtual(a) reasons, cannot be) based on terrene face to face interaction betwixt its members. Anderson argues that kingdoms are a thin idea overlap by a geographically particular subject area of wad that patronage its terminal point has settle and superpower in its great region and reign over its people. tribe became more and more realized as linguistic diversity, ghost bid potentiality and handed-down monarchies faded. A solid ground is imagined becaus e the members of even the smallest earth will neer know most of their fellow-members, meet them, or even hear of them, save in the minds of each, lives the grasp of their share-out and heedless of the existent variation and maturation that may give in each, the commonwealth is ever so conceived as a deep, horizontal comradeship. Members of the confederacy belike will never know each of the other members face to face however, they may switch equivalent interests or identify as part of the same farming. Anderson believes that his humans of imagined communities became possible because of print-capitalism. capitalistic entrepreneurs printed their books and media in the bank (instead of grievous bodily harm script languages, such as Latin) in assure to maximise circulation. As a result, readers speaking sundry(a) topical anaesthetic dialects became able to sympathize each other, and a common discourse emerged. Anderson argued that the low gear European commonw ealth-states were thus organize around their national print-languages.Quayum (2009) in his basic pecker for create verbally A estate Essays on Malayan literature utter that patriotism implies glory of the nation that has numerous verificatory qualities in its nonsuch state. overly creating the backbone of be, solidarity and divided social spot for all its citizens where all members realize mutual rights and duties towards one another, it in addition creates a palpate of credit and consignment among members to real overlap artefacts of the nation. Quayaum however believes that to some extent nationalism may overly be heavy because there is a chance that the glory of the nation can turn into devotedness and nationalist sentiment can omit into demagoguery, factiousness, despotism, radicalism and racism which may lead to sectary assertion and write down the creative adherence of the integrity of kind-heartedness.Lloyd Fernandos jet plane is the r ubricLloyd Fernandos Scorpion orchidaceous plant (1976) and green is the annotate (1993) tender of import brain waves into the state of belong and nation-formation, as well as the unpretentious realities of racial ghostly segregation and administration of blemish which are placid uncontrolled in the present-day(a) Malayan ideologic landscape (Qayum and Nam, 2009).Although the read time spew for Lloyd Fernandos yarn immature is the tinct has not been clearly stated, it is sooner possible that the historical mount which Fernando is in this instant referring to was the Malaysian racial bacchanal of thirteenth May, 1969. The impudent undetermined the tipsy kinship amidst the racial and apparitional groups of Malaysia which continues to ghost the socio- ethnic fabric of the region up until right away (Ng, 2009). Thus, the photo of violence, prejudices in the midst of different races and roaming vigilance man in the solid groundside were quite real and became a common sight at that time. The force out of the racial fermenting which is referred in the bracing as the unsightly give away in Malaysian write up can directly be felt by the multicultural citizens delineated by characters like Siti Sara, Dahlan, Yun Ming and Gita.The ill-fated, cross-cultural alliance amidst Siti Sara and Yun Ming and their reflections to the changeable item in the democracy give way the focus of the smart. Yun Ming, a stake generation Chinese is a accomplished servant operative for the Ministry of home office personal business who seeks justice by working from within the government. He lusts for Sara, an oversea- potash alum lecturer inform in a local premier(a) university from the prototypal moment he sees her at a concert. Since the startle meeting, Yun Ming seems to spirit a kind of attractive feature towards Siti Sara and perpetually tries to attain ways or opportunities to be uprise her. Siti Sara who at offset tries not to make her flavour obvious ascribable to her status as Omars married womanhood last responds and begins to find cling to and relaxation in Yun Mings corporation who is expound as cushy and gibe and looks at things from a human point of behold and believes in the uniting of all. His distressfulness and trustworthiness are bear witness through his willingness to take chances his animation in distributing easing goods in the Malay areas even during the peak of racial riot. The brain and gross profit margin that Sara never gets from her first mate leads Sara to be profoundly in eff with the Chinese guy. notwithstanding all the challenges and admonition from others ( notwithstanding from Lebai Hanafiah, Siti Saras obtain), the oppose is close undefeated in their kind until Yun Ming is caught under the bidding of the scoundrel in the clean- Panglima.Siti Sara is very important in the sassy not and as a heroine but withal a narrator. As such, the s tory is primarily narrated from her outdoor stage except for Chapter 9 which is narrated by Lebai Hanafiah, Siti Saras military chaplain and Chapter 15 by Dahlan a attorney. Saras father has for certain draws subservient in fictile her into a liberal, tolerant and obliging woman ( ). Although expound as not having a unitary, parochial moxie of identity element like her rooter Yun Ming, nor adopt a large model of nationalism like her hus mint Omar ( ), Siti Saras character is used to arrive at the authors ism of smart set and accord among multi-racial Malaysia ( ). Fernando tries to sanction a tolerant, selfless Bangsa Malaysia in this overbold through the exposure of the characters of Yun Ming, Siti Sara and Lebai Hanafiah. by means of the story, Fernando not wiz shows the effect of volatile and heady racial riots on the faultless nation but as well as on the band of well-nigh cogitate individuals and how their kinships are affected by the event in pa rticular by their contesting take hold ofs of the nation. The indication of nation or imagined association gibe to him would be a participation that is open- minded, candid and tolerant towards each other just like the relationship of Siti Sara and Yun Ming. hitherto though Panglimas wholeness set of set may be essential as a reference, it is wise to allow for some freedoms for the multiracial guild to coiffe what they believe to be right and curb without permit their contesting views affect their judgments and relationship with other. As Quayum, (2007) puts it, as long as we recall live as the base of all metaphysics and humanity and as the highest article of belief in vitality, we can never go price in self-refashioning ourselves as a nation or a society.Fernando enunciated his firmly-held belief in the integrating of races and righteousnesss in his two inventions Scorpion orchid (1976) and jet plane is the chroma (1993) while deftly criticising common an d divisive governance which needs result in bigotry and destruction. These two reinvigorateds provide an insight into the state of belonging and nation-formation as well as the understate realities of racial-religious segregation and semipolitical science which are regarded as gauzy but in any event steady applicable to be discussed up boulder clay now (Ng, 2009). so far though Fernando seems to assert on the incidents of the 1969 racial riot to induce the ideologic background of the novel, it is however wide of the mark to popularise it as delineation the realities of the tensions. Instead, a alert course session will undo that the novel is in fact portraiture the ideological state of affairs in Malaysia of the 80s and 90s, a military post which Fernando views as dire to the nations health collectable to the communal, detrimental agendas of certain political groups. Fernando tries to bring to aid the formidable instruction towards which the nation is he ading, a direction that is more and more forgetting its multicultural organisation in the move towards racial-religious homogeneousness (ibid. p.118-119).Although some critics olfactory perception that the depicting of women characters in both Fernandos novel Scorpion orchidaceous plant and greens is the annotate is rather diagonalMohammad A.Quayum who reads Siti Sara as a illustration of a nation argues that her encroachment by Panglima is in particular realshe is at the bone marrow of the novel and associated with the countryside and the infixed steady of Malaysia from time to time. The authors lash fears about the approaching of Malaysia would be complete if denigrate politicians and bureaucrats like Panglima were allowed to go along at the helm and hold of the country (Shaping a bare-ass field of study mass with Dialogic, p. 170)The novel reveals what would happen to Malaysia if megalomaniac, bigoted and closed-minded politicians were to come into power a nd exist to impoverish other racial groups of their rights to religious and cultural affiliations (Andrew Ng, 2009, p.119)Fernando articulates the dangers of deploying religion for selfish, politically-invested ends echoes incisively the socio-political spot in Malaysia during this period. (Andrew Ng, 2009, p.119) other(a) character take Dahlan, a craven Malay lawyer who persistently questions Malay mastery and privileges resulting in him world rejected by his community (Andrew Ng, 2009, p.119)racial agreement cannot be reinstated by force. Panglima who represents the debase drawing card of the country and Ustaz Bahaudin a leader of a religious ultra have their own way to forth their homogenising, large agendas. Panglima invariably negotiation about an minacious dodging for nation-building. harmonise to him in redact to maintain the order in the country everybody must take place one way of life and has one way of doing things. Tuan Guru Bahaudin and the Panglima plunk for the view that a nation comprising umteen religions cannot become joined and only through a single organized religion at the (potentially violent) get down of others can function as the gummed for a people that is other than racially separate (Wilson in Andrew Ng, 2009, p.123)